Clear labeling of the specific item, weld joint, or batch inspected.
| Discontinuity Type | Acceptance Limit (Illustrative) | |------------------|--------------------------------| | Cracks | Not allowed | | Incomplete fusion or penetration | Not allowed | | Undercut | ≤ 1/32 in. deep (except where larger is permitted by referencing code) | | Porosity | Size and distribution per code case | | Surface roughness | No sharp notches (smooth blend required) |
Documentation of any specialized magnification tools, borescopes, or light meters used, including their calibration status if applicable. Summary of Code Compliance Requirement Parameter Direct Visual Specification Maximum View Distance 24 inches (600 mm) Minimum View Angle 30 degrees Minimum Light Intensity 100 foot-candles (1000 lux) Vision Test Frequency Annual (Every 12 months) Procedure Change Rules Essential variables require complete requalification
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A Comprehensive Guide to ASME Section V, Article 9: Visual Examination asme section v article 9
A written procedure is mandatory for VT examinations under this code. This procedure must outline: The scope of the examination. The technique used (direct or remote). Lighting requirements. Personnel qualifications. Acceptance criteria. 2.2 Demonstration of Adequacy
When access prevents direct viewing, remote visual examination is permitted.
The adequacy of the procedure must be demonstrated to the Inspector to prove it can resolve the required level of detail. Personnel Qualification and Vision Standards
For a direct visual examination to be code-compliant, the inspector's eyes must be positioned within: Clear labeling of the specific item, weld joint,
The criteria for qualifying or certifying inspection personnel. 3. Essential Variables vs. Nonessential Variables
Whether direct or remote visual inspection will be used. Equipment: Tools such as gauges, lighting, and magnifiers.
In this table, a change to an requires that the entire written procedure be re-qualified by demonstration . A change to a Nonessential Variable does not require re-qualification, though the written procedure itself must be revised or amended to reflect the change.
ASME Section V Article 9 defines the mandatory requirements for visual examination. This method uses the human eye, either directly or with remote optical aids, to evaluate the condition of a component. What it Detects Surface flaws and imperfections Structural misalignment Physical deformation or distortion Mechanical damage or wear Leakage in pressure-retaining components When it is Applied The technique used (direct or remote)
If an is changed, the written procedure must be completely requerified and rewritten. If a nonessential variable is changed, the procedure only requires an amendment or revision.
Once the examination is complete, findings must be recorded in a formal report.
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Reports must include the date of examination, the procedure used, the name of the inspector, and the final results/evaluation. Comparison Overview ASME Section V, Article 9 Requirement Primary Tool The human eye (aided or unaided) Min. Lighting 100 foot-candles (1000 lux) Access Angle Not less than 30° to the surface Max Distance 24 inches (600 mm) for direct view Vision Test Annual J-1 (near vision) & color perception